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Most of us experience trauma of one kind or another during our lifetime. It just seems built into existence. Indeed research suggests that from 50% to 90% of us will have to cope with trauma at one time or another.

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Psychological trauma is always the product of an experience that leaves the individual feeling overwhelmed and unable to cope with or fully process the emotions produced by that experience.

With trauma, the subconscious mind has been shocked by an event, or a series of events, and this has profoundly affected the functioning of the individual.

Important and powerful though it undoubtedly is for the traumatized person, on a psychological level the actual experience itself seems to matter less than the individual's perception and response to that experience. This explains why a similar event may very well be shrugged off by one person yet creates real difficulty in another. What may be a traumatic experience for one may not be traumatic for another.

Trauma itself can happen at any time on the life journey. It may take place in childhood, and occur as a result of experiencing or witnessing psychological or physical abuse, or extreme poverty, for example, and it can leave the child traumatised well into adulthood.

Or the trauma may have happened later in life, having its origins in abuse, accident, violence, crime, war, death or natural disaster. Difficult though trauma may be, around 8% of the population will develop the more devastating form and symptoms of trauma known as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, or PTSD.

Left untreated, PTSD can have truly dire consequences for the individual, seriously affecting his or her relationships and ability to function on a work or an interpersonal level. PTSD often results from an experience or experiences that threatened real physical harm. Sometimes, however, it can be caused by psychological and emotional trauma where there was no actual implication of physical harm. Very often, though, it combines aspect of both of these.

While Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is in fact a chronic and severe emotional response to trauma, it differs from traumatic stress or combat stress in that it is usually much more intense and not at all transitory in nature. In the past, PTSD was also known as shell shock, battle fatigue, and post traumatic stress syndrome.

It isn't necessary to have been in a war setting to experience PTSD, however, any real shock to the system - such as a car accident or a death, drug addiction or sexual assault - can bring it about. But whatever the cause, the resultant trauma symptoms are real and distressing for the person forced to experience them.

Disorders - Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder